Effects of Resistance Training on Oxidative Stress Markers and Muscle Damage in Spinal Cord Injured Rats.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a condition that affects the central nervous system, is characterized by motor and sensory impairments, and impacts individuals' lives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress and muscle damage in spinal cord injured rats. METHODOLOGY: Forty Wistar rats were selected and divided equally into five groups: Healthy Control (CON), Sham (SHAM) SCI Untrained group (SCI-U), SCI Trained group (SCI- T), SCI Active Trained group (SCI- AT). Animals in the trained groups were submitted to an incomplete SCI at T9. Thereafter, they performed a protocol of resistance training for four weeks. RESULTS: Significant differences in muscle damage markers and oxidative stress in the trained groups, mainly in SCI- AT, were found. On the other hand, SCI- U group presented higher levels of oxidative stress and biomarkers of LDH and AST. CONCLUSION: The results highlight that resistance training promoted a decrease in oxidative stress and a significative response in muscle damage markers.

Dyslipidemia prevalence in adolescents in public schools.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents enrolled in the state public education system of the city of Montes Claros, state of Minas Gerais, and compare to a Brazilian population-based study. METHOD: This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, and analytical study with a population of 77,833 students from 63 schools, representing four geographic areas of the city. After a sample calculation, information on 635 adolescents from 10 to 16 years of age was assessed and blood collection was conducted for the analysis of biochemical parameters of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, and HDL-c. RESULTS: Among the adolescents, 26.8% showed high levels of total cholesterol, 15.7% of triglycerides, and 6.5% of LDL-c, and 40.8% had low HDL-c levels. CONCLUSION: Except for HDL-c levels, dyslipidemia prevalence and means in adolescents from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, were above the levels found in the Brazilian population-based study used as parameter.

Dyslipidemia prevalence in adolescents in public schools / Prevalencia de la dislipidemia en adolescentes de la red de enseñanza pública / Prevalência de dislipidemia em adolescentes da rede de ensino pública

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents enrolled in the state public education system of the city of Montes Claros, state of Minas Gerais, and compare to a Brazilian population-based study. Method: This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, and analytical study with a population of 77,833 students from 63 schools, representing four geographic areas of the city. After a sample calculation, information on 635 adolescents from 10 to 16 years of age was assessed and blood collection was conducted for the analysis of biochemical parameters of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, and HDL-c. Results: Among the adolescents, 26.8% showed high levels of total cholesterol, 15.7% of triglycerides, and 6.5% of LDL-c, and 40.8% had low HDL-c levels. Conclusion: Except for HDL-c levels, dyslipidemia prevalence and means in adolescents from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, were above the levels found in the Brazilian population-based study used as parameter.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de dislipidemia entre adolescentes matriculados en el sistema público de enseñanza estatal de Monte Claros - Minas Gerais, comparándolo con un estudio de base poblacional brasileño. Método: Estudio epidemiológico transversal y analítico, con población compuesta por 77.833 estudiantes pertenecientes a 63 escuelas correspondientes a las cuatro regiones geográficas municipales. Realizado el cálculo muestral, se analizó la información de 635 adolescentes de 10 a 16 años. Se practicó extracción sanguínea para análisis de parámetros bioquímicos de colesterol total, triglicéridos, LDL-c y HDL-c. Resultados: El 26,8% de los adolescentes mostró valores elevados de colesterol total; el 15,7% tenía los triglicéridos elevados; el 6,5% mostraba valores altos de LDL-c y el 40,8%, niveles bajos de HDL-c. Conclusión: Exceptuando el HDL-c, los promedios y la prevalencia de dislipidemia investigada en adolescentes de Monte Claros - MG fueron superiores a los valores evidenciados en el estudio de base poblacional brasileño utilizado como parámetro.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência da dislipidemia entre adolescentes matriculados no sistema público de ensino estadual da cidade de Montes Claros - Minas Gerais e comparar com um estudo de base populacional brasileiro. Método: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e analítico, com população composta por 77.833 escolares, oriundos de 63 escolas que representaram quatro regiões geográficas do município. Após o cálculo amostral, foram analisadas informações de 635 adolescentes de 10 a 16 anos e realizada a coleta sanguínea para análise de parâmetros bioquímicos do colesterol total, triglicérides, LDL-c, e HDL-c. Resultados: Entre os adolescentes, 26,8% apresentaram valores elevados de colesterol total, 15,7% de triglicérides, 6,5% de LDL-c e 40,8% níveis baixos de HDL-c. Conclusão: Com exceção do HDL-c, as médias e a prevalência de dislipidemia investigada em adolescentes provenientes de Montes Claros - MG se encontraram acima dos valores evidenciados no estudo de base populacional brasileiro utilizado como parâmetro.

Does Croton Argyrophyllus Extract Has an Effect on Muscle Damage and Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Submitted to High Intensity Strength Exercise?

Many species of the genus Croton have been used for anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and antitumor purposes. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a hydroethanolic extract (HEE) from the inner bark of Croton argyrophyllus (Euphorbiaceae) on muscle damage and oxidative stress in rats after high intensity exercise. The animals were divided into four groups: (i) the sedentary group (SV; n = 7), (ii) the exercise vehicle group (EV, n = 7), (iii) the sedentary group HEE (SHG; n = 7) composed of sedentary animals and treated with the hydroethanolic extract of C. argyrophyllus (200 mg/kg, v.o.), and (iv) the HEE exercise group (HEE; n = 7) composed of animals submitted to resistance exercise (RE) and treated with the hydroethanolic extract of C. argyrophyllus (200 mg/kg, v.o.). In the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, the HEE showed lower values of inhibition potential (IP%) at 39.79% compared to gallic acid, 87.61%, and lipoperoxidation inhibition at 27.4% (100 µg/mL) or 28.6% (200 µg/mL) (p < 0.001). There was inhibition in free radicals in vivo. The HEE of C. argyrophyllus partially reduced the biomarkers of oxidative stress in muscle tissue and muscular damage (creatine kinase (CK) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)) (p < 0.05) in rats, and in this sense it can be an aid to the recovery process after exhaustive efforts.

Insônia: o benefício do exercício físico em adolescentes com excesso de peso / Insomnia: the benefit of physical exercise in overweight teenagers

Introdução: O sono é uma necessidade vital e fisiológica que tem o poder de restauração do organismo e conservação da energia. Entre os adolescentes, notou-se que houve uma diminuição nas horas de sono tornando-os muito vulneráveis à apresentação do quadro de insônia. Objetivo: Verificar níveis de insônia entre adolescentes com excesso de peso antes e depois de um programa de exercício físico. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico quase experimental e analítico. Na primeira fase do estudo, foram realizados exames laboratoriais, antropométricos, hemodinâmicos e análises nutricionais e psicológicas em 635 adolescentes com idade entre 10 a 16 anos. Destes, 63 adolescentes foram diagnosticados com exceso de peso sendo convidados a participarem de um programa de exercício fisico. Resultados: O grupo-controle evidenciou maior percentual (acima da média) de insônia, tanto no pré (72,7%), quanto no pós teste (90%), e na comparação das médias dos dois grupos, houve uma diferença significativa (p = 0,006). Conclusão: Ressalta-se a significativa diminuição nos níveis de insônia entre os adolescentes que participaram do programa de exercício, propiciando maior bem-estar e disposição para o dia a dia. (AU)

Introduction: Sleep is a vital and physiological necessity that has the power to restore one's organism and to conserve one's energy. Among teenagers, it was noticed that there was a decrease in sleep hours, making them become vulnerable to the insomnia state. Objective: To verify the levels of insomnia among teenagers before and after the participation in a physical exercise program. Methods: This research is an epidemiological study, almost experimental and analytical. In the first stage, there were promoted laboratory exams, anthropometric, hemodynamic, and nutritional and psychological analysis for 635 teenagers aged between 10 to 16 years. Among them, 63 teenagers were diagnosed with overweight and obesity, so they were invited to participate in a physical exercise program. Results: The control group showed a bigger percentage of insomnia (above average), in both the pre-test (72.7%) and in the post-test (90%), and in the average comparison of the two groups there was a significant difference (p = 0.006). Conclusion: A significant decrease of the levels of insomnia among teenagers that participated in the exercise program was noted, providing greater well-being and mood for their daily activities.(AU)

Nutritional Status Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-School Children in the City of Montes Claros - MG, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nutritional status and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle-school students in the city of Montes Claros - MG. The sample consisted of 382 students, aged 10-16 years. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Body Mass Index (BMI). Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined as the presence of two or more criteria in accordance with definition of the International Diabetes Federation. The overall prevalence of MS was 7.9%. 9.7% of students with MS were overweight and 72.4% were obese. Therefore, it can be inferred that carrying excess weight considerably increases the chances for a child to develop MS, and concomitantly increases the child's risk for developing cardiovascular disease.